![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
Home |
Credits |
Cast |
1 |
2 |
3 |
End |
Reviews |
|
|
|
. . . PROGRESS see: "DISCOVERY" see: "IMPROVEMENT" see: "TECHNOLOGY" see "SUCCESS" for other related links Slow and steady wins the race. --Ζsop (c.620 B.C.c.560 B.C.) (Thought to be a legendary figure.) _Ζsop's Fables_ "The Hare and the Tortoise" Discontent is the source of all trouble, but also of all progress in individuals and in nations. --Berthold Auerbach (18121882) German novelist. Here is a test to find whether your mission on earth is finished: If you're alive, it isn't. --Richard Bach (1936 ) American writer. _Illusions_ [1977], Ch. 15 Woman stock is rising in the market. I shall not live to see women vote, but I'll come and rap at the ballot box. --Lydia Marie Child (18021880) Amercan abolitionist and suffragist. Letter to Sarah Shaw [3 August 1856]. Behold the turtle: He makes progress only when he sticks his neck out. --James Bryant Conant (18931978) American chemist, educational administrator, and professor. In Connie Robertson _The Wordsworth Dictionary of Quotations_, p. 90 [1998]. Progress depends very largely on the encouragement of variety. Whatever tends to standardize the community, to establish fixed and rigid modes of thought, tends to fossilize society...It is the ferment of ideas, the clash of disagreeing judgments, the privilege of the individual to develop his own thoughts and shape his own character, that makes progress possible. --Calvin Coolidge (18721933) American Republican statesman and President [19231929]. _Autobiography_ If it had not been for the discontent of a few fellows who had not been satisfied with their condition, you would still be living in caves...Progress is born of agitation. It is agitation or stagnation. --Eugene V. Debs (18551926) American socialist leader. All men's gains are the fruit of venturing. --Herodotus (484 B.C.?-430420) Greek author of the first great narrative history produced in the ancient world {EB}. By and by we shall have balloons and pass over to Europe between sun and sun. Oh, for the good old days of heavy post-coaches and speed at the rate of six miles an hour! --Philip Hone (17801851) New York businessman and political leader. His diary gave a comprehensive description of New York life during the second quarter of the nineteenth century. _Diary_ "28 November 1844" The slogan of progress is changing from the full dinner pail to the full garage. --Herbert Hoover (18741964) American Republican statesman, President 19291933. (Sometimes paraphrased as a "car in every garage and a chicken in every pot.") Speech in New York City [22 October 1928.] If there's nobody in your way, it's because you're not going anywhere. --Robert F. Kennedy (19251968) American Democratic politician. In Elizabeth Dole _Hearts Touched with Fire_, p. 110 [2004]. The journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step. --Lao-tzu (c. 6th cent. B.C.) the first philosopher of Chinese Taoism and alleged author of the _Tao-te Ching_ (Chinese: Classic of the Way of Power). _The Way of Lao-tzu_ #64 Is it progress if a cannibal uses knife and fork? --Stanislaw Jerzy Lec (19091966) Polish writer. _Unkempt Thoughts_ [1962] One step forward two steps back. --V.I. Lenin (18701924) Russian revolutionary and first head of the Soviet state (19171924). (Title of book) [1904] I am a slow walker, but I never walk backwards. --Abraham Lincoln (18091865) American Republican statesman, President [18611865]. I will go anywhere, provided it is forward. --David Livingstone (18131873) Scottish missionary and explorer. And what they dare to dream of, they dare to do. --James Russell Lowell (18191891) American poet, critic, essayist, and diplomat. There is nothing more difficult to take in hand, more perilous to conduct, or more uncertain in its success, than to take the lead in the introduction of a new order of things. Because the innovator has for enemies all those who have done well under the old conditions and lukewarm defenders in those who may do well under the new. --Niccolς Machiavelli (14691527) Florentine statesman and political philosopher. _The Prince_ [written 1513], ch. 6 Let us be frank about it: most of our people have never had it so good. --Harold MacMillan (18941986) British Conservative statesman, Prime Minister [19571963]. (Speech at Bedford [20 July 1957]) "You never had it so good" was the Democratic Party slogan during the 1952 election campaign. It is common to assume that human progress affects everyone - that even the dullest man, in these bright days, knows more than any man of, say, the Eighteenth Century, and is far more civilized. This assumption is quite erroneous. The men of the educated minority, no doubt, know more than their predecessors, and of some of them, perhaps, it may be said that they are more civilized - though I should not like to be put to giving names - but the great masses of men, even in this inspired republic, are precisely where the mob was at the dawn of history. They are ignorant, they are dishonest, they are cowardly, they are ignoble. They know little if anything that is worth knowing, and there is not the slightest sign of a natural desire among them to increase their knowledge. --H.L. (Henry Louis) Mencken (18801956) American journalist and literary critic. The perpetual obstacle to human advancement is custom. --John Stuart Mill (18061873) English philosopher and social reformer. In Laurence J. Peter _Peter's Quotations: Ideas for Our Time_, p. 147 [1977]. If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants. --Sir Isaac Newton (16421727) English mathematician and physicist. Letter to Robert Hooke [5 February 1676]. The chief product of an automated society is a widespread and deepening sense of boredom. --C. Northcote Parkinson (19091993) English writer. An important scientific innovation rarely makes its way by gradually winning over and converting its opponents: it rarely happens that Saul becomes Paul. What does happen is that its opponents gradually die out and that the growing generation is familiarized with the idea from the beginning. --Max Plank [Karl Ernst Ludwig] (18581947) German theoretical physicist who originated quantum theory; winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1918. _The Philosophy of Physics_ [1936] Never discourage anyone who continually makes progress, no matter how slow. --Plato (427?347 B.C.) Greek philosopher. You can't say civilization don't advance, however, for in every war they kill you in a new way. --Will Rogers [William Penn Adair Rogers] (18791935) American humorist and actor. In "New York Times" [23 December 1929]. Every man takes the limits of his own field of vision for the limits of the world. --Arthur Schopenhauer (17881860) German philosopher. "Psychological Observations" in _Studies in Pessimism_ [1851], tr. T. Bailey Saunders - The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore, all progress depends on the unreasonable man. --George Bernard Shaw (18561950) Irish comic dramatist, literary critic, Socialist propagandist, and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1925 [he didn't accept it.] _Man and Superman_ [1905] Progress is impossible without change; and those who cannot change their minds, cannot change anything. --George Bernard Shaw (18561950) Irish comic dramatist, literary critic, Socialist propagandist, and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1925 [he didn't accept it.] In Robert Andrews _The Concise Columbia Dictionary of Quotations_, p. 42 [1989]. - All progress has resulted from people who took unpopular positions. --Adlai E. Stevenson (19001965) American Democratic politician. Speech at Princeton University, New Jersey [22 March 1954]. Anybody Can Cross the Country, Now, in Fifty Days. --Literary Digest [1922] ![]() ![]() PROHIBITION . . see "ALCOHOL" for related links Prohibition is an awful flop, We like it. It can't stop what it's meant to stop. We like it. It's left a trail of graft and slime, It don't prohibit worth a dime, It's filled our land with vice and crime, Nevertheless, we're for it. --Franklin Pierce Adams (18811960) American columnist and member of the Algonquin Round Table. _New York World_ [February 1931], following release of the report by the Wickersham Commission. The prestige of government has undoubtedly been lowered considerably by the Prohibition law. For nothing is more destructive of respect for the government and the law of the land than passing laws which cannot be enforced. It is an open secret that the dangerous increase of crime in this country is closely connected with this. --Albert Einstein (18791955) German-American physicist who developed the special and general theories of relativity. "My First Impression of the U.S.A." An interview for _Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant_ [1921] which appeared in the "Berliner Tageblatt" [7 July 1921]. - [ . . . ] In the aught years and teens of the last century, alcohol was an issue fought over with a vigor that makes today's abortion debate seem tame. From late in the 19th century, the temperance movement had gained steam in no small part because the problems flowing from Americans' copious thirst had been compounded by the new density of city living. At the same time, savvy, scientifically minded entrepreneurs were applying new-fangled factory production models to the business of brewing beer. The result: a superabundance of the stuff and a need by the brewers to find outlets. Dozens of brewers competed to see who could build or finance the most saloons to sell their beers. Soon saloons were everywhere, and no small number of them were actually the seedy dens of vice that the anti-alcohol crowd made them out to be. The temperance movement came into its own when it made as its target not alcohol per se but rather saloons. The Anti-Saloon League, Ms. Ogle notes, pioneered many of the techniques and tactics common to today's single-issue lobbying groups. Prohibition would likely never have passed if it had come to a direct vote of the people, but the Anti-Saloon League discovered that it could target and intimidate enough lawmakers to get the supermajority necessary for a constitutional amendment. [ . . . ] [I]t was World War II that made beer the American drink. In the years after Prohibition ended in 1933, the nation's stocks of whisky and gin were hardly deep. And the war didn't help. After Pearl Harbor, distilleries were turned to war work, producing industrial alcohol with which to make synthetic rubber and torpedo fuel. (The distillers manufacturing this fuel eventually had to introduce noxious chemicals into the mix to discourage submariners from drinking their torpedoes' go-juice.) But beer-making was considered part of the war effort in no small part because brewers contributed 15% of their output directly to the troops. By the end of the war, civilians and returning soldiers alike had solidified a taste for beer. --Eric Felten, reviewing Maureen Ogle's _Ambitious Brew_ "The Wall Street Journal" [October 28, 2006] - Once, during Prohibition, I was forced to live for days on nothing but food and water. --W. C. Fields [William Claude Dukenfield] (18801946) American vaudeville star and film actor. ^ jazzed corked potted boiled as an owl loaded to the muzzle loaded for bear tanked burning with a blue flame pie-eyed slopped lit oiled --Prohibition terms for someone who was drunk, in Peter Jennings and Todd Brewster _The Century_ [1998] p. 123. ^ This year in October [1613], the Turks observed their feasts of Bayram ... a Turk having drunk wine too freely (the drinking whereof is forbidden amongst them, although they love it well, and drink in private) was apprehended, and carried before the Grand Vizier: who seeing the fact verified, inflicted this punishment upon him, to have boiling lead poured into his mouth and ears, the which was speedily executed. --Richard Knolles (c.15451610 ) English historian. In M.J. Cohan and John Major {eds.} _History in Quotations_ [2004] p. 265. I'd rather that England should be free than that England should be compulsorily sober. With freedom we might in the end attain sobriety, but in the other alternative we should eventually lose both freedom and sobriety. --William Connor Magee (18211891) Irish clergyman of the Anglican church. Sermon at Peterborough [1868]. - Aurangzeb ... ordered that all Christians, excepting physicians and surgeons, should leave the city and remove to ... beyond the suburbs at one league's distance from the city. There they had leave to prepare and drink spirits on condition they did not sell them. After the issue of this order he directed the kotwal [chief of police] to search Mahomedans and Hindus who sold spirits, everyone of whom was to lose one hand and one foot ... and during the period of strictness the nobles, who found it hard to live without spirits, distilled in their houses, there being few who do not drink secretly. --Niccolao Manucci (16391717) Italian writer and traveller. _Storia do Mogor or Mogul lndia [I705; 1981 edn.] Vol. 2, in M.J. Cohan and John Major {eds.} _History in Quotations_ [2004]. - Prohibition makes you want to cry into your beer and denies you the beer to cry into. --Don Marquis (18781937) American poet and journalist. "Sun Dial Time" [1936] The sole end for which mankind are warranted, individually or collectively, in interfering with the liberty of action of any of their number, is self-protection. The only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. His own good, either physical or moral, is not a sufficient warrant. He cannot rightfully be compelled to do or forbear because it will be better for him to do so, because it will make him happier, because, in the opinions of others, to do so would be wise, or even right. These are good reasons for remonstrating with him, or reasoning with him, or persuading him, or entreating him, but not for compelling him, or visiting him with evil in case he do otherwise. To justify that, the conduct from which it is desired to deter him must be calculated to produce evil in someone else. The only part of the conduct of anyone, for which he is amenable to society, is that which concerns others. In the part which merely concerns himself, his independence is, of right, absolute. Over himself, over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereign. --John Stuart Mill (18061873) English philosopher and social reformer. _On Liberty_ [1859], ch. 1 There ain't gonna be no whiskey, there ain't gonna be no gin; There ain't gonna be no highball to put the whiskey in; There ain't gonna be no cigarettes to make folks pale and thin; But you can't take away that tendency to sin, sin, sin. [alt: There ain't gonna be no women to make you sin, sin, sin.] --Vaugh Miller [1919 song] There is as much chance of repealing the Eighteenth Amendment [prohibition] as there is for a humming-bird to fly to the planet Mars with the Washington Monument tied to its tail. --Morris Sheppard (18751941) American politician - served as U.S. Senator from Texas [19131941]. - Opium and morphine are certainly dangerous, habit- forming drugs. But once the principle is admitted that it is the duty of the government to protect the individual against his own foolishness, no serious objections can be advanced against further encroachments Is not the harm a man can inflict on his mind and soul even more disastrous than any bodily evils.? Why not prevent him from reading bad books and bad plays, from looking at bad paintings and statues and from hearing bad music? The mischief done by bad ideologies, surely, is much more pernicious both for the individual and for the whole society, than that done by narcotic drugs. --Ludwig von Mises (18811973) Austrian-American liberatarian economist. _Human Action_ It is an established fact that alcoholism, cocainism, and morphinism are deadly enemies of life, of health, and of the capacity for work and enjoyment; and a utilitarian must therefore consider them as vices. But this is far from demonstrating that the authorities must interpose to suppress these vices by commercial prohibitions, nor is it by any means evident that such intervention on the part of the government is really capable of suppressing them or that, even if this end could be attained, it might not therewith open up a Pandora's box of other dangers, no less mischievous than alcoholism and morphinism. --Ludwig von Mises (18811973) Austrian-American liberatarian economist. _Liberalism_ [1927] - A woman is stripped of everything by them [saloons]. Her husband is torn from her; she is robbed of her sons, her home, her food, and her virtue; and then they strip her clothes off and hang her up bare in these dens of robbery and murder. Truly does the saloon make a woman bare of all things! --Carry Nation (Carry Amelia Nation, nθe Moore) [18461911] American temperance advocate. . Quoted in Carleton Beals' _Cyclone Carry_ [1962], Ch. 14. No drug, not even alcohol, causes the fundamental ills of society. If we're looking for the sources of our troubles, we shouldn't test people for drugs, we should test them for stupidity, ignorance, greed, and love of power. --P.J. O'Rourke (1947 ) American political satirist. Alcohol didn't cause the high crime rates of the '20s and '30s, Prohibition did. And drugs do not cause today's alarming crime rates, but drug prohibition does. --US District Judge James C. Paine, addressing the Federal Bar Association in Miami [November 1991]. Tolerance to my mind has been greatly overrated. . . . I take as much pleasure in detesting the good brothers and sisters of the [Anti-Saloon] League as they have in hating me. --Westbrook Pegler (18841969) American Pulitzer Prize winning journalist and war correspondent. c.1929, quoted in Oliver Pilat, _Pegler: Angry Man of the Press_ [1963]. Instead of giving money to found colleges to promote learning, why don't they pass a constitutional amendment prohibiting anybody from learning anything? If it works as good as the Prohibition one did, why, in five years we would have the smartest race of people on earth. --Will Rogers [William Penn Adair Rogers] (18791935) American humorist and actor. The prohibition law, written for weaklings and derelicts, has divided the nation, like Gaul, into three parts wet, dry, and hypocrites. --Florence Sabin (18711953) American anatomist and teacher. In a speech [9 February 1931]. No tendency is quite so strong in human nature as the desire to lay down rules of conduct for other people. --William Howard Taft (18571930) 27th President of the United States [19091913] and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court [19211930]. Prohibition only drives drunkenness behind doors and into dark places, and does not cure it or even diminish it. --Mark Twain [Samuel Langhorne Clemens] (18351910) American humorist, novelist, journalist, and river pilot. In a letter to the _San Francisco Alta California_ [28 May 1867]. - Mother's in the kitchen washing out the jugs, Sister's in the pantry bottling the suds, Father's in the cellar mixin' up the hops, Johnny's on the front porch watchin' for the cops. --Prohibition song ----- scofflaw (Noun) ['skahf-la or -law] Someone who scoffs or shows contempt for the law, a law-breaker. Etymology: In 1923 a wealthy prohibitionist, Delcevare King of Quincy, Massachusetts, offered $200 for a word that would best describe "a lawless drinker of illegally made or illegally obtained liquor." On January 15, 1924 the Boston Herald declared "scofflaw" the winner. ![]() . . see "CHARACTER" for related links Guarantees which are not worth the paper they are written on. --Johann Bernhard Graf von Rechberg und Rothenlφwen (18061899) Austrian statesman. In a dispatch concerning the recognition of Italy [1861]. There are two major kinds of promises in politics: the promises made by candidates to the voters and the promises made by the candidates to persons and groups able to deliver the vote. Promises falling into the latter category are loosely called 'patronage,' and promises falling into the former category are most frequently called 'lies.' --Dick Gregory (1932 ) American comedian and social activist. _Dick Gregory's Political Primer_ [1972] It is easy to promise, and alas! how easy to forget! --Alfred de Musset (18101857) French poet, dramatist, and author. And be these juggling fiends no more believ'd, That palter with us in a double sense; That keep the word of promise to our ear And break it to our hope. --William Shakespeare (15641616) English dramatist. _Macbeth_ [1606], act V, sc. vii The righteous promise little and perform much, the wicked promise much and perform not even a little. ---Talmud (A.D.1st6th cent.) Rabbinical writings. ----- conjure (verb) ['kahn-jκ(r)] 1. To swear by oath or something sacred; 2. To entreat or beg someone by some secret or sacred power; 3. To call upon some spirit; 4. To accomplish with the help of unseen spirits or powers. ![]() ![]() PROOF . . see "EVIDENCE" I don't believe it. Prove it to me and I still won't believe it. --Douglas Adams (1952-2001) British comic radio dramatist and author Q.E.D. [Quod erat demonstrandum: Which was to be proved.] --Euclid (fl. 300 B.C.) {The most prominent mathematician of Greco- Roman antiquity, best known for his treatise on geometry, the _Elements_. - E.B.} _Elements_ bk. I, proposition 5 It is always better to say right out what you think without trying to prove anything much: for all our proofs are only variations of our opinions, and the contrary-minded listen neither to one nor the other. --Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) German poet, novelist, and playwright ----- confute kuhn-FYOOT, transitive verb: To overwhelm by argument; to refute conclusively; to prove or show to be false. Ex.: "As he says, a professor of geography does not feel obliged regularly to confute those who believe that the earth is flat." --Geoffrey Wheatcroft, "Bearing False Witness," _New York Times_, [13 May 2001] incontrovertible in-kon-truh-VUR-tuh-buhl, adjective: Too clear or certain to admit of dispute; indisputable; unquestionable irrefragable ih-REF-ruh-guh-buhl, adjective: Impossible to refute; incontestable; undeniable; as, an irrefragable argument; irrefragable evidence. putative (adjective) [PYOO-tuh-tiv] Commonly supposed; assumed without conclusive grounds for belief. Ex.: A report has found that the putative evidence for the paper that started the controversy was fabricated. --Margot O'Toole, "The Whistle-Blower and the Train Wreck," _New York Times_ [12 April 1991] ![]() . . see: "INDOCTRINATION" see "DECEPTION" for other related links see "WAR & PEACE" for other related links The most potent weapon in the hands of the oppressor is the mind of the oppressed. --Steve Biko (19461977) South African anti-apartheid campaigner. The essence of propaganda is the presentation of one side of the picture only. --J. A. Brown (1911-1964) _Techniques of Persuasion: From Propaganda to Brainwashing_ [1963], Chapter 1 If an idiot were to tell you the same story every day for a year, you would end by believing him. --Edmund Burke (17291797) Irish-born Whig politician and man of letters. In wartime. . . truth is so precious that she should always be attended by a bodyguard of lies. --Winston Churchill (18741965) British Conservative statesman and Prime Minister [19401945, 19511955]. _The Second World War_ vol. 5 [1951] The best form of newspaper propaganda was not 'propaganda' (i.e.., editorials and exhortation), but slanted news which appeared to be straight. --Leonard W. Doob (19092000) American psychologist, educator, and author. _Goebbels' Principles of Propaganda_ [1950] The danger of total propaganda is not that the propaganda will be believed. The danger is that nothing will be believed. . . . The end result of total propaganda are not fanatics, but cynics. --Peter Drucker (19092005) Austrian-born American management consultant, educator, and author. _Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices_ [1974], ch. 30 - Like the effect of advertising upon the customer, the methods of political propaganda tend to increase the feeling of insignificance of the individual voter. --Erich Fromm (19001980) American philosopher and psychologist. _Escape from Freedom_ [1941] The lack of objectivity, as far as foreign nations are concerned, is notorious. From one day to another, another nation is made out to be utterly depraved and fiendish, while one's own nation stands for everything that is good and noble. Every action of the enemy is judged by one standard - every action of oneself by another. Even good deeds by the enemy are considered a sign of particular devilishness, meant to deceive us and the world, while our bad deeds are necessary and justified by our noble goals which they serve. --Erich Fromm (19001980) American philosopher and psychologist. _The Art of Loving_ [1956], ch. 4 - - Propaganda has only one object: to conquer the masses. Every means that furthers this aim is good; every means that hinders it is bad. --Joseph Goebbels (18971945) German Nazi leader & minister of propaganda. _The Goebbels Diaries, 1942-1943_, tr. Louis P. Lochner [1948] It is the absolute right of the State to supervise the formation of public opinion. --Joseph Goebbels (18971945) German Nazi leader & minister of propaganda. - Successful propagandists have succeeded because the doctrine they bring into form is that which their listeners have for some time felt without being able to shape. --Thomas Hardy (18401928) English novelist and poet. _The Return of the Native_ [1878], bk. 3, ch. 2 Given time and plenty of paper, a philosopher can prove anything. --Robert A(nson) Heinlein (19071988) American science-fiction writer. _Double Star_ [1956] - Through clever and constant application of propaganda, people can be made to see paradise as hell, and also the other way round, to consider the most wretched sort of life as paradise. --Adolf Hitler (18891945) German dictator. _Mein Kampf_ (My Battle) [1925] It is a mistake to make propaganda many-sided, like scientific instruction, for instance... As soon as you sacrifice this slogan and try to be many-sided, the effect will piddle away, for the crowd can neither digest nor retain the material offered. --Adolf Hitler (18891945) German dictator. _Mein Kampf_ (My Battle) [1925], pp. 180-181 The great masses of the people . . . will more easily fall victims to a big lie than to a small one. --Adolf Hitler (18891945) German dictator. _Mein Kampf_ (My Battle) [1925], vol 1, ch. 10 To whom should propaganda be addressed? To the scientifically trained intelligentsia or the less educated masses? It must be addressed always and exclusively to the masses. --Adolf Hitler (18891945) German dictator. _Mein Kampf_ (My Battle) [1925], p. 179 No matter how skillfully propaganda is presented it will not lead to success unless a fundamental principle is considered with continually sharp attention: it has to confine itself to little and to repeat this eternally. --Adolf Hitler (18891945) German dictator. _Mein Kampf_ (My Battle) [1925] Tell a lie loud enough and long enough and people will believe it. --Adolf Hitler (18891945) German dictator. - Propaganda does not deceive people; it merely helps them to deceive themselves. --Eric Hoffer (19021983) American longshoreman, philosopher, and author who received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1982. _The Passionate State of Mind: And Other Aphorisms_ [1954] - The...propagandist must...be consistently dogmatic. All his statements are made without qualification, everything is either diabolically black or celestially white...He must never admit that he might be wrong or that people with a different point of view might be even partially right. Opponents should not be argued with; they should be attacked, shouted down, or...liquidated. --Aldous Huxley (18941963) English novelist {grandson of T.H. Huxley}. _Brave New World Revisited_ [1958] The propagandist's purpose is to make one set of people forget that certain other sets of people are human. --Aldous Huxley (18941963) English novelist {grandson of T.H. Huxley}. ...Today the press is still legally free; but most of the little papers have disappeared. The cost of wood-pulp, of modern printing machinery and of syndicated news is too high for the Little Man. In the totalitarian East there is political censorship, and the media of mass communication are controlled by the state. In the democratic West there is economic censorship and the media of mass communication are controlled by members of the Power Elite. Censorship by rising costs and the concentration of communication power in the hands of a few big concerns is less objectionable than State ownership and government propaganda; but certainly it is not something of which a Jeffersonian democrat could possibly approve. In regard to propaganda the early advocates of universal literacy and a free press envisaged only two possibilities: the propaganda might be true, or it might be false. They did not foresee what in fact has happened, above all in our Western capitalist democracies -- the development of a vast mass communications industry, concerned in the main neither with the true nor the false, but with the unreal, the more or less totally irrelevant. In a word, they failed to take into account man's almost infinite appetite for distractions. ...Only the vigilant can maintain their liberties, and only those who are constantly and intelligently on the spot can hope to govern themselves effectively by democratic procedures. A society, most of whose members spend a great part of their time, not on the spot, not here and now and in the calculable future, but somewhere else, in the irrelevant other worlds of sport and soap opera, of mythology and metaphysical fantasy, will find it hard to resist the encroachments of those who would manipulate and control it. In their propaganda today's dictators rely for the most part on repetition, suppression and rationalization -- the repetition of catchwords which they wish to be accepted as true, the suppression of facts which they wish to be ignored, the arousal and rationalization of passions which may be used in the interests of the Party or the State. As the art and science of manipulation come to be better understood, the dictators of the future will doubtless learn to combine these techniques with the non- stop distractions which, in the West, are now threatening to drown in a sea of irrelevance the rational propaganda essential to the maintenance of individual liberty and the survival of democratic institutions. --Aldous Huxley (18941963) English novelist {grandson of T.H. Huxley}. _Brave New World Revisited_ [1958], ch. 4 "Propaganda in a Democratic Society" - I give you bitter pills in sugar coating. The pills are harmless, the poison is in the sugar. --Stanislaw Jerzy Lec (19091966) Polish writer. Give me four years to teach the children, and the seed I have sown will never be uprooted. --V.I. Lenin (18701924) Russian revolutionary and first head of the Soviet state (19171924). Quoted in Bruce Hopper _Pan-sovietism: The Issue Before America and the World_ [1931]. How many legs does a dog have if you call the tail a leg? Four. Calling a tail a leg doesn't make it a leg. --Abraham Lincoln (18091865) American Republican statesman, President [18611865]. As a spy chief and a general in the former Soviet satellite of Romania, I produced the very same vitriol Kerry repeated to the U.S. Congress almost word for word and planted it in leftist movements throughout Europe. KGB chairman Yuri Andropov managed our anti-Vietnam War operation. He often bragged about having damaged the U.S. foreign- policy consensus, poisoned domestic debate in the U.S., and built a credibility gap between America and European public opinion through our isinformation operations. Vietnam was, he once told me, "our most significant success." --Ion Mihai Pacepa http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/pacepa200402260828.asp Almost all propaganda is designed to create fear. Heads of governments and their officials know that a frightened people is easier to govern, will forfeit rights it would otherwise defend, is less likely to demand a better life, and will agree to millions and millions being spend on "Defense." --J.B. [John Boynton] Priestley (18941984) English novelist, playwright and critic. _Outcries And Asides_ [1974], "The Root Is Fear" Education is a weapon, whose effect depends on who holds it in his hands and at whom it is aimed. --Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (18791953), Soviet Communist leader and head of the USSR from the death of V. I. Lenin (1924) until his own death. Many men are like unto sausages: whatever you stuff them with, that they will bear in them. --Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy (18171875) Russian poet, novelist, and dramatist. _Collected Works of Kosma Prutkov_ [1884] Tr. by B.G. Gurney When war is declared, Truth is the first casualty. --anon., epigraph to Arthur Ponsonby's _Falsehood in Wartime_ [1928]; attributed also to Hiram Johnson, speaking in the U.S. Senate [1918], but not recorded in his speech; possibly based on a passage by Samuel Johnson in "The Idler" [11 November 1758] - ODTQ. The Russian soldier is our friend. He is here to protect us. --anon. First sentence in an Bulgarian school textbook [1967] (printed in Moscow). The Filipino is treacherous and deceitful. Besides we want his country. --"St. Louis Post Dispatch" [c.1898], quoted in Richard West, _Victory in Vietnam_ [1974]. Members and front organizations must continually embarrass, discredit and degrade our critics. When obstructionists become too irritating, label them as fascist, or Nazi or anti-Semitic .... The association will, after enough repetition, become "fact" in the public mind. --Communist Party, Moscow Central Committee [1943] ----- agitprop AJ-it-prop, noun: Propaganda, especially pro-communist political propaganda disseminated through literature, drama, music, or art. inculcate in-KUHL-kayt; IN-kuhl-kayt, transitive verb: To teach and impress by frequent repetition or instruction. Inculcate is from Latin inculcare, "to tread upon, to force upon. suffuse (verb) [sκ-'fyuz] To spread throughout or all over, to permeate or infuse thoroughly. end page | PACIFISM & PAIN | PAINTING - PARENTING | PARIS - PASSPORTS | PAST (THE) - PATRIOTISM | PEACE - PERCENTAGES | PEOPLE | PERCEPTIONS - PERSUASION | PESSIMISM - PHOBIAS | PHONIES - PHYSICS | PI - PLANS | PLACES | PLANTS - POETRY | POISON - POLITICAL PARTIES | POLITICS & POLITICIANS | POLLS - POPES | POPEYE - POTENTIAL | POVERTY | POWER | PRACTICALITY - PRAYER | PREACHERS - PREPARED (BE) | PRESENT (THE) - PRETENDING | PRETENTIONS - PRIVACY | PROBLEMS - PROGRESSIVES | PROGRESS - PROPAGANDA | PROPOSALS - PUBLIC (THE) | PUBLIC OPINION - PURPOSE (ON HAVING A) | QUALITIES - QUIPS | QUIRKS - QUOTATIONS | | H | I - J | K - L | M | N - O | P - Q | | Return Home | The Credits | The Cast | Act 1 | Act 2 | Act 3 | The End | The Reviews | Photos | |
||
