 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Home |
Credits |
Cast |
1 |
2 |
3 |
Reviews |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Home |
Credits |
Cast |
1 |
2 |
3 |
Reviews |
|
|
|
. . . Joseph McCarthy (1908—1957) American politician, Republican U.S. Senator [1947—1957] see: "COLD WAR" see: "SUSPICION" - In November 1950, in a seminar at the Harvard Graduate School of Public Administration, Jack [Kennedy] spoke candidly about many of the key issues and personalities of the times. In contrast with Truman, who had vetoed the McCarran Act, which required the registration of communists and communist-front organizations and provided for their internment during a national emergency, Jack said that he had voted for it and complained that not enough was being done to combat communists in the U.S. government. He also said that he had little regard for the foreign policy leadership of the president or Secretary of State Dean Acheson. As for Republican senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin, who early in 1950 had begun stirring sharp debate with unproved accusations about widespread subversion among government officials under FDR and Truman, Jack had little quarrel with him, saying, "He may have something." It was not simply that his father, sister Eunice, and he were personally acquainted with McCarthy; Jack valued his anticommunism, even if it were overdrawn, as well as his "energy, intelligence, and political skill in abundant qualities." At a Harvard Spee Club dinner in February 1952, when a speaker praised the university for never having produced an Alger Hiss, a former State Department official under suspicion of spying for Moscow, or a Joe McCarthy, Jack uncharacteristically made a public scene, angrily saying, "How dare you couple the name of a great American patriot with that of a traitor!" --Robert Dallek (b. 1934) American historian. _An Unfinished Life_, p. 162 [2003] - ^^ [T]here was McCarthyism before McCarthy. The House Un-American Activities Committee had been established in 1938. The Smith Act — a strong anticommunist law — was passed in 1940. The Second World War had hardly ended when the cold war began. Truman instituted a federal loyalty program in 1946, and strengthened it in 1947. [...] Now an epidemic of witch-hunting, paranoia, and political grandstanding infected the whole country. States and local governments got into the act. Fifteen states passed laws in 1949 against subversive activities; forty- four jurisdictions had laws by 1955 to punish sedition, criminal anarchy, criminal syndicalism, advocating the overthrow of the government, and so on. Some of these laws were incredibly draconian: in Michigan subversives could be imprisoned for life; in Tennessee the death penalty was theoretically possible for anybody who dared advocate the violent overthrow of the United States government. Many states outlawed the Communist Party. New Hampshire's attorney general, Louis C. Wyman, was a particularly notorious zealot, out to get Marxists, fellow travelers, "dupes," and "apologists" for the communists. A number of states created committees and commissions to carry out investigations (essentially witch- hunts), searching for radicals secreted in the nodes of business, government, and academia. Washington State, Illinois, California, and Maryland had legislative committees especially keen on ferreting out reds. Ohio was another state with an Un-American Activities Commission. After all, as a congressman from Ohio warned, there were 1,300 actual Communists in Ohio; and consequently there "can be no real peace or security [...] for Communism is the devil's own instrument of hatred, war, chaos and ruin." --Lawrence M. Friedman (b. 1930) _American Law in the 20th Century_ [2002], ch. 10 "Race Relations and Civil Rights" pp. 331-32. ^^ - While I cannot take the time to name all of the men in the State Department who have been named as members of the Communist party and members of a spy ring, I have here in my hand a list of 205 that were known to the Secretary of State as being members of the Communist Party and who nevertheless are still working and shaping the policy of the State Department. --Joseph McCarthy (1908—1957) American politician, Republican U.S. Senator [1947—1957]. Speech at the Lincoln Day dinner of the Ohio County Women's Republican Club, Wheeling, West Virginia [9 February 1950], "Wheeling Intelligencer" [10 February 1950]. & see Fred Cook, in his book _The Nightmare Decade_ [p. 149], writes that a friend of his, a journalist who was once a close friend of McCarthy, asked on one occasion, "Joe, just what did you have in your hand down there in Wheeling?" McCarthy grinned, the friend said, and replied, "An old laundry list." --Edwin R. Bayley, _Joe McCarthy and the Press_, p. 24 [1982] This technique of punishing by publicity was exploited even more extravagantly by Senator McCarthy, for the deadpan publication of whose nightmare ravings whole forests of pine were felled and ground into woodpulp. The American press must forever carry on its conscience the elevation of Jumping Joe to the status of National High Inquisitor...I don't know how frauds of this kind ought to be handled by good newspapermen. But I do know the American people are being fooled and the American press is being used, deliberately, to fool them. --Alan Barth, editorial writer for the "Washington Post", in _Washington Guild Reporter_ [23 February 1951], quoted in Edwin R. Bayley, _Joe McCarthy and the Press_, p. 76-7 [1982]. - - Some of the people accused of being Communists were Communists, but that is not against the law in the United States. The House Un-American Activities Committee, HUAC, cross-examined people from Hollywood. Twenty-three went willingly and testified to the political affiliations of others. Among them were Gary Cooper, Ronald Reagan, George Murphy, Robert Montgomery, Adolphe Menjou. Because of their testimony and others', ten men went to jail. ... Dalton Trumbo was one of the Unfriendly Ten. He stood on his rights under the First Amendment, the right of every American to free speech. He went to jail for a year. That was in 1950. Now, almost ten years later, he couldn't set foot on any studio lot. Senator McCarthy's public discrediting at the hands of journalist Edward R. Murrow on national television and his death shortly afterward in 1957 did nothing to put out the wildfire. The blacklist was still in place. Dalton had to hide while he was writing and use an alias on every script. For ten years, he wrote under assumed names, including stories for women's magazines using his wife's name. At the Academy Awards in 1956, the year I didn't win for "Lust for Life," Dalton Trumbo did win Best Screenplay for "The Brave One," under the alias "Robert Rich." The ceremony was a joke. "Accepting the Oscar for 'Robert Rich,' who unfortunately can't be with us tonight ..." Everybody in town knew what was going on. Such hypocrisy. --Kirk Douglas [Issur Danielovitch] (b. 1916) American film actor and producer. _The Ragman's Son_, ch. 26 [1988] - - To be a member of the Communist Party is to have a taste of the police state. It is a diluted taste but it is bitter and unforgettable. It is diluted because you can walk out. I got out in the spring of 1936. The question will be asked why I did not tell this story sooner. I was held back, primarily, by concern for the reputations and employment of people who may, like myself, have left the party many years ago. I was held back by a piece of specious reasoning which has silenced many liberals. It goes like this: "You may hate the Communists, but you must not attack or expose them, because if you do you are attacking the right to hold unpopular opinions and you are joining the people who attack civil liberties." I have thought soberly about this. It is, simply, a lie. --Elia Kazan [Elia Kazanjoglou] (1909—2003) Born in Istanbul of Greek parents; winner of multiple Academy and Tony awards. "A Statement" in _New York Times_ [12 April 1952]. - We will not be driven by fear into an age of unreason if we dig deep in our history and doctrine and remember that we are not descended from fearful men, not from men who feared to write, to speak, to associate and to defend causes which were, for the moment, unpopular. We can deny our heritage and our history, but we cannot escape responsibility for the result. There is no way for a citizen of the Republic to abdicate his responsibility. --Edward R. Murrow [Egbert Roscoe Murrow] (1908—1965) American broadcaster and journalist. From the March 9, 1954, "See It Now" television broadcast on Senator Joe McCarthy. Millions of Americans said, 'We're not going to pay money to buy tickets to see a picture that is paying a good living to people we believe are dedicated to the overthrow of the country." --Ronald Reagan (1911—2004) American President [1981—1989]. (In a 1976 interview.) - It should be noted for the record that Senator Joseph McCarthy was never in the United States House of Representatives, therefore, never had anything to do with the House Un-american Activities Committee [HUAC] which was enforcing the Smith Act passed in 1940 — six years prior to McCarthy's going to Washington. The Smith Act criminalized "teaching and advocating the violent overthrow of the government" and stated it was illegal to belong to any organization that advocated the violent overthrow of the American government. The Smith Act was sponsored by Democrats, passed by Democrats and signed into law by Franklin Delano Roosevelt who was a Democrat. McCarthy, a Republican, "hadn't the slightest connection with any of the HUACs investigations which included probes of the Nazis, the Ku Klux Klan, Alger Hiss and Hollywood celebrities." Senator Joseph McCarthy only investigated Communist spies working for the government and steadfastly refused to name names, referring instead to the loyalty risks as "Case #1, Case #2, Case #3," etc. Having been a judge prior to going to Congress, McCarthy loudly insisted that all people were presumed innocent until proven guilty. The Democrats in Congress harangued him unmercifally to reveal the names of his suspects. He refused to do so in public and in the presence of the press. It was a Democrat who leaked the names to Drew Pearson, a journalist, and Pearson "outed" them. One of the young lawyers on McCarthy's staff was none other than Robert Kennedy. "Bobby Kennedy worked for McCarthy and held him in such high esteem that he asked McCarthy to be the godfather to his first child, Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, born on the Fourth of July, 1951." --Sam Roberts, "The Rosenbergs: New Evidence, Old Passions", _New York Times_ [23 September 1983] - Until this moment, Senator, I think I never really gauged your cruelty or your recklessness. Let us not assassinate this lad further, Senator. You have done enough. Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last? Have you left no sense of decency? --Joseph N. Welch (1890—1960) American lawyer. Remark to Senator Joseph McCarthy in Senate hearing [9 June 1954]. - Hidden away in a former girls' school in the late 1940s, Venona Project cryptanalysts, linguists, and mathematicians attempted to decode more than twenty-five thousand intercepted Soviet intelligence telegrams. When they cracked the unbreakable Soviet code, a breakthrough leading eventually to the decryption of nearly three thousand of the messages, analysts uncovered information of powerful significance: the first indication of Julius Rosenberg's espionage efforts; references to the espionage activities of Alger Hiss; startling proof of Soviet infiltration of the Manhattan Project to build the atomic bomb; evidence that spies had reached the highest levels of the U.S. State and Treasury Departments; indications that more than three hundred Americans had assisted in the Soviet theft of American industrial, scientific, military, and diplomatic secrets; and confirmation that the Communist party of the United States was consciously and willingly involved in Soviet espionage against America. Drawing not only on the Venona papers but also on newly opened Russian and U. S. archives, John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr provide in this book the clearest, most rigorously documented analysis ever written on Soviet espionage and the Americans who abetted it in the early Cold War years. --John Earl Haynes & Harvey Klehr _Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America_ [1999] (John Earl Haynes is 20th Century Political Historian, Manuscript Division, the Library of Congress. Harvey Klehr is Andrew W. Mellon Professor of Politics and History at Emory University.) & see At the time, [McCarthy Era] everyone knew liberals were lying. But after a half century of liberal mythmaking, it would be Judgement Day for liberals on July 11, 1995. On that day, the U. S. Government released a cache of Soviet cables that had been decoded during the Cold War in a top-secret undertaking known as the Venona Project. The cables proved the overwhelming truth of McCarthy's charges. It was a mind-boggling discovery. Professors would be forced to retract their theses about the extent of Soviet espionage. Alger Hiss, Julius Rosenberg, even American journalist I. F. Stone were exposed as agents of Moscow. And yet, most people reading this book are hearing about the Venona Project for the very first time. The release of decrypted Soviet cables was barely mentioned by the "New York Times". It might have detracted from stories of proud and unbowed victims of "McCarthyism". They were not so innocent after all, it turns out. --Ann Coulter (b. 1961) American lawyer, author, and consevative commentator. _Treason - Liberal Treachery from the Cold War to the War on Terrorism_ [2003] & note: In the most patriotic act of his career, Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan would push through the declassificatioin of the Venona Project, which was finally unveiled on July 11, 1995. After the cables were revealed, liberals became a little less argumentative about evidence of Soviet spies. Here was enough "evidence" even for those who demand a shockingly high level of proof before defending America. --Ann Coulter (b. 1961) American lawyer, author, and consevative commentator. _Treason - Liberal Treachery from the Cold War to the War on Terrorism_ [2003] & note: The opening of Soviet archives in recent years has confirmed that the Communist Party in the United States was financed and controlled from Moscow. It was never about a set of beliefs or values for the benefit of Americans. It was an organization of traitors serving a foreign dictatorship that murdered millions. ... Would [Hollywood protestors against Elia Kazan] denounce an "informer" from inside the Ku Klux Klan who revealed the names of other KKK members? What about an informer from inside the right-wing militia movement? As in so many other areas, it is not the principle that the left is concerned about. It is the question of whose ox is gored. --Thomas Sowell (b. 1930) American economist and author. "Naming Names" [19 March 1999]  ;void(0)) MEANING . . see: "UNDERSTANDING" see: "COMMUNICATION" for other related links When words become unclear, I shall focus with photographs. When images become inadequate, I shall be content with silence. --Ansel Easton Adams (1902—1984) American photographer. In James R. Miller _Visions from Earth_, p. 10 [2004]. No man means all he says, and yet very few say all they mean, for words are slippery and thought is viscous. --Henry Brooks Adams (1838—1918) American historian & man of letters. _The Education of Henry Adams_, ch. 31 [1907] - 'Then you should say what you mean,' the March Hare went on. 'I do,' Alice hastily replied; 'at least—at least, I mean what I say—that's the same thing, you know.' 'Not the same thing a bit,' said the Hatter. 'Why, you just might as well say that "I see what I eat" is the same thing as "I eat what I see!" ' --Lewis Carroll [Charles Lutwidge Dodgson] (1832—1898) English writer and logician. _Alice's Adventures in Wonderland_, ch. 7 [1865] 'When I use a word,' Humpty Dumpty said in a rather scornful tone, 'it means just what I choose it to mean — neither more nor less.' "The question is,' said Alice, whether you *can* make words mean so many different things.' 'The question is,' said Humpty Dumpty, 'which is to be master — that's all.' --Lewis Carroll [Charles Lutwidge Dodgson] (1832—1898) English writer and logician. _Thorough the Looking-Glass_, ch. 6 [1872] - It depends on what the meaning of the word "is" is. If the — if he — if "is" means is and never has been, that is not — that is one thing. If it means there is none, that was a completely true statement. --Bill (William Jefferson) Clinton (b. 1946) American Democratic statesman and president [1993—2001]. Grand jury testimony [17 August 1998]. - I'm not sure people understood a lot of what I was writing about. I don't even know if I would understand them if I believed everything that has been written about them by imbeciles who wouldn't know the first thing about writing songs. I've always said the organized media propagated me as something I never pretended to be ... all this spokesman of conscience thing. A lot of my songs were definitely misinterpreted by people who didn't know any better, and it goes on today. Q: Give me an example of a song that has been widely misinterpreted. A: Take "Masters of War." Every time I sing it, someone writes that it's an antiwar song. But there's no antiwar sentiment in that song. I'm not a pacifist. I don't think I've ever been one. If you look closely at the song, it's about what Eisenhower was saying about the dangers of the military-industrial complex in this country. I believe strongly in everyone's right to defend themselves by every means necessary. --Bob Dylan [Robert Allen Zimmerman] (b. 1941) American singer and songwriter. Interview with Robert Hilburn [2004]. - The phrase "we (I) (you) simply must —" designates some thing that need not be done. "That goes without saying" is a red warning. "Of course" means you had best check it yourself. These small-change clichés and others like them, when read correctly, are reliable channel markers. --Robert Heinlein (1907—1988) American science-fiction writer. _Time Enough for Love_ [1973] Anybody can mean what he says. It's saying what one means that's the real difficulty. --James Hilton (1900—1954) English novelist. _The Meadows of the Moon_, ch. 1 [1926] (See Lewis Carroll, above.) - With reference to the word "umbrage". Many years ago whilst I was still a resident of the "Green and pleasant land called England" there was a TV show which I watched fairly regularly. It was called Panorama and was hosted by a gentleman by the name of Richard Dimbleby who was known for being factual, straight-forward, truthful and informative. He did, however, have a wicked sense of humour. During one programme he made the comment along the lines of, "If someone upsets you, take umbrage." Complaints soon poured in from the drug-stores that people were lining up and demanding to be sold a bottle of umbrage. The result was that on the following programme, Richard Dimbleby made an announcement that explained what umbrage meant. --Jan, alt.fifty-plus.friends, (reprinted with permission) - - God and I both knew what it meant once; now God alone knows. --Friedrich Klopstock (1724—1803) German poet. Quoted in Cesare Lombroso _The Man of Genius_ [1891]. & note: When I wrote that only God and I knew what I meant. Now only God knows. --Robert Browning (1812—1889) English poet. Attributed answer to a question from a Robert Browning Club member. - That must be wonderful; I have no idea of what it means. --attributed to Jean Molière [Jean Baptiste Poquelin] (1622—1673) French comic dramatist. - Elves are wonderful. They provoke wonder. Elves are marvelous. They cause marvels. Elves are fantastic. They create fantasies. Elves are glamourous. They project glamour. Elves are enchanting. They weave enchantment. Elves are terrific. They beget terror. The thing about words is that meanings can twist just like a snake, and if you want to find snakes look for them behind words that have changed their meaning. --Terry Pratchett (b. 1948) English science fiction writer. _Lords and Ladies_ [1992] - A writer lives in awe of words for they can be cruel or kind, and they can change their meanings right in front of you. They pick up flavors and odors like butter in a refrigerator. --John Ernst Steinbeck (1902—1968) American novelist. 1956 letter to Peter Benchley, quoted in Elaine Steinbeck & Robert Wallsten (eds.) Steinbeck: A Life in Letters [1975]. No man with any sense assumes that a woman's words mean to her exactly what they mean to him. --Rex Stout (1886—1975) American author who created the fictional detective Nero Wolfe. _The Mother Hunt_ [1963] The little girl had the making of a poet in her who, being told to make sure of her meaning before she spoke, said, 'How can I know what I think till I see what I say?' --Graham Wallas (1858—1932) English political scientist. _The Art of Thought_, ch. 4 [1926] - [On the difference between a diplomat and a lady:] When a diplomat says yes, he means perhaps. When he says perhaps, he means no. If he says no, he is not a diplomat. When a lady says no, she means perhaps. When she says perhaps, she means yes. But when she says yes, she is no lady. --an "old aphorism" in "The Independent" (NY) [10 April 1920] - ----- connotation (noun) [kah-nê-'tey-shên] Not the exact meaning but the implications of a word. exegesis [ek-suh-JEE-sis], noun; Exposition; explanation; especially, a critical explanation of a text. explicate (transitive verb) To make clear or explain completely. Syn.: show, explain, get across, expound, illuminate, exhibit Related: review, construe, analyze, demonstrate, reason, illustrate, clarify, define, interpret, articulate Derived: explicator (noun) imply (verb) [im-'plI] To indicate by necessary entailment rather than a direct statement; to occur as a logical consequence, as a garage implies ownership of an automobile. It is the antonym of infer; the speaker implies, the listener infers. polysemous (adj.) [pa-li-‘see-mês or pa-‘li-sê-mês] Having several meanings. i.e - run (water, a store, a machine) table (dining, water, statistical). . . see "HURTING (SOMEONE)" for related links Vilify, Vilify! Some of it will always stick. --Pierre de Beaumarchais (1732—1799) French playwright and adventurer. Attributed in "Life" (mag.) [7 June 1968]. Man's inhumanity to man Makes countless thousands mourn. --Robert Burns (1759—1796) Scottish poet and songwriter. "Man Was Made to Mourn" [1786] The heart never grows better by age; I fear rather worse; always harder. A young liar will be an old one; and a young knave will only be a greater knave as he grows older. --Lord Chesterfield [Philip Dormer Stanhope] (1694—1773) British writer and politician. Letters to his son [17 May 1750]. The Moving Finger writes; and having writ, moves on; Nor all your Piety nor Wit Shall lure it back to cancel half a line, Nor all your Tears wash out a Word of it. --Edward Fitzgerald (1809—1883) English scholar and poet. _The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám_ [1859] We kill everybody, my dear. Some with bullets, some with words, and everybody with our deeds. We drive people into their graves, and neither see it nor feel it. --Maxim Gorky (1868—1936) Russian writer and revolutionary. _Enemies_ [1906] He that applauds him who does not deserve praise, is endeavoring to deceive the public; he that hisses in malice or sport, is an oppressor and a robber. --Samuel Johnson (1709—1784) English poet, critic, and lexicographer. _The Idler_ [1758—1760] (essays in the newspaper "The Universal Chronicle") [7 October 1758] Since trifles make the sum of human things, And half our mis'ry from our foibles springs. [...] Oh!, let th' ungentle spirit learn from hence, A small unkindness is a great offense. --Hannah More (1745—1833) English religious writer. "Sensibility: an Epistle to the Honorable Mrs. Boscawen", l. 293 [1782] What a world is this! one half of the people in it tormenting the other half, yet being themselves tormented in tormenting! --Samuel Richardson (1689—1761) English novelist. _A Collection Of the Moral and Instructive Sentiments_, p. 138 [1755] In all the ills which befall us, we look more at the intention than the effect. A tile which falls from the house may hurt more, but does not vex us so much as a stone thrown designedly by an ill-natured hand. --Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712—1778) French philosopher and novelist. _Reveries of a Solitary Walker_ [1782] We cannot be kind to each other here for an hour; We whisper, and hint, and chuckle, and grin at a brother's shame; However we brave it out, we men are a little breed. --Alfred, Lord Tennyson (1809—1892) English poet. _Maud; A Monodra_ [1856] ----- enervate (verb) ['en-êr-veyt] Deprive someone of vitality or energy. end page | MACARTHUR (DOUGLAS) - MALICE | MAN - MARINES | MARRIAGE | MARTYRS - MAUGHAM (WILLIAM SOMERSET) | McCARTHY - MEANNESS | MEDIA (THE) | MEDICINE - MEMORIAL DAY | MEMORIES - MEMORY | MEN - MEN v. WOMEN | MENTAL ILLNESS - MILK | MIND (THE) - MINDING OWN BUSINESS | MINNESOTA - MISERY | MISFORTUNE - MISSOURI | MISTAKES | MISTAKEN IDENTITY - MODESTY | MONEY | MONROE - MOON | MORAL ASSASINATION - MORALITY | MORNING - MOUNTAINS | MOVIE DIALOGUE - MUSHROOMS | MUSIC - MYTHOLOGY | | H | I - J | K - L | M | N - O | P - Q | | Return Home | The Credits | The Cast | Act 1 | Act 2 | Act 3 | The Reviews | |
||