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. . . INTELLECTUALS see: "KNOWLEDGE" see: "SCHOLARSHIP" One historically important type of expert ... is the intellectual, whom we may define as an expert whose expertise is not wanted by the society at large. --Peter Berger (b. 1929) American sociologist and Lutheran theologian. _The Social Construction of Reality_ [1966] Intellectuals are people who believe that ideas are of more importance than values. That is to say, their own ideas and other people's values. --attributed to Gerald Brenan (18941987) British travel writer and novelist. To me, being an intellectual doesn't mean knowing about intellectual issues; it means taking pleasure in them. --Jacob Bronowski (19081974) Polish-born mathematician and humanist. _Magic, Science & Civilization_ [1978] Intellectual growth should commence at birth and cease only at death. --attributed to Albert Einstein (18791955) German-American physicist. An 'intellectual' is a man who takes more words than he needs to say more than he knows. --attributed to Dwight D. Eisenhower (18901969), American Army General, supreme Allied commander WWII, NATO commander, American President [19531961]. - Heathcote William Garrod (18781960) British classical scholar. During World War I, Garrod, already a distinguished scholar, worked at the Ministry of Munitions in London. The practice of handing white feathers to able-bodied men who were not in uniform was in full swing. Garrod was handed one by a women in a London street with a withering comment, "I am surprised that you are not fighting to defend civilization." Garrod replied, "Madam, I am the civilization they are fighting to defend. --_Bartlett's Book of Anecdotes_ edited by Clifton Fadiman and Andrι Bernard [2000 ed.] - A highbrow is the kind of person who looks at a sausage and thinks of Picasso. --Sir A.P. (Alan Patrick) Herbert (18901971) English writer and humorist. _Uncommon Law_ [1935] - The intellectuals and the young, booted and spurred, feel themselves born to ride us. --Eric Hoffer (19021983) American longshoreman, philosopher, and author who received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1982. _The True Believer: Thoughts On The Nature Of Mass Movements _ [1951] Scratch an intellectual and you find a would-be aristocrat who loathes the sight, the sound, and the smell of common folk. --Eric Hoffer (19021983) American longshoreman, philosopher, and author who received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1982. _First Things, Last Things_, p. 75 [1971] - - The world's great men have not commonly been great scholars, nor its great scholars great men. --Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. (18091894) American physician, poet, and essayist. _The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table_ [1858] That's all I claim for Boston that it is the thinking center of the continent, and therefore of the planet. --Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. (18091894) American physician, poet, and essayist. _The Professor at the Breakfast Table_ [1860] - All intellectual improvement arises from leisure. --Samuel Johnson (17091784) English poet, critic, and lexicographer. James Boswell _The Life of Samuel Johnson_ [1791] "13 April 1773" No modern nation has ever constructed a foreign policy that was acceptable to its intellectuals. --Irving Kristol (19202009) American founder of the neoconservative movement. "American Intellectuals and Foreign Policy," in _Foreign Affairs_ # 45, [1966/67] Every man gets a narrower and narrower field of knowledge in which he must be an expert in order to compete with other people. The specialist knows more and more about less and less and finally knows everything about nothing. --Konrad Lorenz (19031989) Austrian zoologist. In Larry Collins _Physical Hazards of the Workplace_, p. 107 [2001]. - It is, I think, true to say that the intelligentsia have been more wrong about the progress of the war than the common people, and that they were more swayed by partisan feelings. The average intellectual of the Left believed, for instance, that the war was lost in 1940, that the Germans were bound to overrun Egypt in 1942, that the Japanese would never be driven out of the lands they had conquered, and that the Anglo-American bombing offensive was making no impression on Germany. He could believe these things because his hatred for the British ruling class forbade him to admit that British plans could succeed. There is no limit to the follies that can be swallowed if one is under the influence of feelings of this kind. I have heard it confidently stated, for instance, that the American troops had been brought to Europe not to fight the Germans but to crush an English revolution. One has to belong to the intelligentsia to believe things like that: no ordinary man could be such a fool. --George Orwell [Eric Blair] (19031950) English novelist. "Notes on Nationalism" [May 1945] - Like many intellectuals, he was incapable of saying a simple thing in a simple way. --Marcel Proust (18711922) French novelist. _Remembrance of Things Past_, vol. 2 "Within a Budding Grove" [1919] Intellectuals (especially professors) tend to become silly because they are never called upon to make decisions upon which very much depends. --attributed to Leo Rosten (19081997) Polish-born American writer and social scientist. I've made an odd discovery. Every time I talk to a savant I feel quite sure that happiness is no longer a possibility. Yet when I talk with my gardener, I'm convinced of the opposite. --Bertrand Russell (18721970) British philosopher, mathematician, and Nobel laureate. Quoted in Clifton Fadiman (ed.) _The Little, Brown Book of Anecdotes_ [1985]. In his first campaign, in 1976, [Daniel Patrick] Moynihan's opponent was the incumbent, James Buckley, who playfully referred to "Professor Moynihan" from Harvard. Moynihan exclaimed with mock indignation, "The mudslinging has begun!" --George F. Will (b. 1941) American columnist. _One Man's America_ [2008] ----- esoteric [es-uh-TER-ik], adjective: 1. Understood by or meant for only the select few who have special knowledge or interest; recondite. 2. Belonging to the select few. 3. Private; secret; confidential. ![]() . . see: "KNOWLEDGE" for related links It is impossible to underrate human intelligence beginning with one's own. --Henry Brooks Adams (18381918) American historian & man of letters. Letter to Margaret Chanler [30 January 1908]. (See Mencken, below.) A great deal of intelligence can be invested in ignorance when the need for illusion is deep. --Saul Bellow (19152005) Canadian-born American novelist. _To Jerusalem and Back_ [1976] It's a scientific fact that for every year you live in California, you lose two points off your I.Q. It's redundant to die in L.A. --attributed to Truman Capote (19241984) American writer and novelist. ^ Carol II (18931953) King of Romania [19301940] While in exile, King Carol told his friend, the British diplomat Sir Robert Bruce Lockhart, that during his reign he had selected fourteen of the brightest Rumanians for special training in the government service. He sent seven to England, and seven to the United States, to study their political and economic systems. 'The seven who went to England were very smartthey all achieved great success in the government in Bucharest,' said Carol. 'What about the seven you sent to the States,' asked Lockhart. 'They were even smarter,' said the king. They stayed there.' --_Bartlett's Book of Anecdotes_ edited by Clifton Fadiman and Andrι Bernard [2000 ed.] ^ She hung up and I set out the chess board. I filled a pipe, paraded the chessmen and inspected them for French shaves and loose buttons, and played a championship tournament game between Gortchakoff and Meninkin, seventy-two moves to a draw, a prize specimen of the irresistible force meeting the immovable object, a battle without armour, a war without blood, and as elaborate a waste of human intelligence as you could find anywhere outside an advertising agency. --Raymond Chandler (18881959) American writer of detective fiction. _The Long Goodbye_, ch. 24 [1953] Pain and suffering are always inevitable for a large intelligence and a deep heart. The really great men must, I think, have great sadness on earth. --Fyodor Dostoyevsky (18211881), Russian novelist, journalist, and short story writer. _Crime and Punishment_, ch. V, pt. III [1866] 'Excellent,' I cried. 'Elementary,' said he. --Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (18591930) Scottish-born writer of detective fiction. _The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes_ [1894] ('Elementary, my dear Watson' is not found in any book by Conan Doyle but is first found in P.G. Wodehouse _Psmith, Journalist_ [1915] ODTQ.) Those wanting wit affect gravity and go by the name of solid men; and a solid man is, in plain English, a solid, solemn fool. --John Dryden (16311700) English poet, critic, and dramatist. _Aureng-Zebe_ [1676] You see an awful lot of smart guys with dumb women, but you hardly ever see a smart woman with a dumb guy. --attributed to both Clint Eastwood (b. 1930), American film actor and director, & Erica Jong (b. 1942), American novelist. One has been endowed with just enough intelligence to be able to see clearly how utterly inadequate that intelligence is when confronted with what exists. If such humility could be conveyed to everybody, the world of human activities would be more appealing. --Albert Einstein (18791955) German-American physicist who developed the special and general theories of relativity. Letter to Queen Elizabeth of Belgium [19 September 1932]. The test of a first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two opposed ideas in the mind at the same time, and still retain the ability to function. --F. Scott Fitzgerald (18961940) American novelist. "The Crack-Up" in _Esquire_ [February 1936]. I now know all the people worth knowing in America, and I find no intellect comparable to my own. --[Sarah] Margaret Fuller (18101850) American critic, teacher, and woman of letters. Quoted in "Littell's Living Age" [May 1852]. - All intelligent thoughts have already been thought; what is necessary is only to try to think of them again. --Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (17491832) German poet, novelist, and playwright. _Proverbs in Prose_ [1819] The intelligent man finds almost everything ridiculous, the sensible man hardly anything. --Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (17491832) German poet, novelist, and playwright. Quoted in Stephen Spender (ed.) _Great Writings of Goethe_ [1958]. - Happiness in intelligent people is the rarest thing I know. --Ernest Hemingway (18891961) American novelist. _The Garden of Eden_ [pub. 1986] Don't take up a man's time talking about the smartness of your children; he wants to talk to you about the smartness of his children. --Edgar Watson Howe (18541937) American journalist and author. _Country Town Sayings_ [1911] Curiosity is one of the permanent and certain characteristics of a vigorous intellect. --Samuel Johnson (17091784) English poet, critic, and lexicographer. "Rambler" #103 (English twice-weekly journal 1750-1752) The only means of strengthening one's intellect is to make up one's mind about nothing to let the mind be a thoroughfare for all thoughts. --John Keats (17951821) English poet. Letter to George and Georgiana Keats [24 September 1819]. I know I have a first-rate mind, but that's no source of pride to me. Intelligent people are a dime a dozen. But I am proud of having character. --Henry Alfred Kissinger (b. 1923) German-born American diplomat. Attributed, in Richard Valeriani _Travels With Henry_ [1979]. No one in this world, so far as I know and I have searched the records for years, and employed agents to help me has ever lost money by underestimating the intelligence of the great masses of the plain people. Nor has any one ever lost public office thereby. The mistake that is always made runs the other way. Because the plain people are able to speak and understand, and even, in many cases, to read and write, it is assumed that they have ideas in their heads, and an appetite for more. This assumption is folly. They dislike ideas, for ideas make them uncomfortable. --H.L. (Henry Louis) Mencken (18801956) American journalist and literary critic. "Notes on Journalism", in _Chicago Tribune_ [19 September 1926]. (See Adams, above.) If a man's talk is commonplace and his writing distinguished, it means that his talent lies in the place from which he borrows and not in himself. --Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (15331592) French moralist and essayist. _Essays_ [1580], bk. 3, ch. 2 New Zealanders who leave for Australia raise the IQ of both countries. --attributed to Sir Robert Muldoon (19211992) Prime Minister of New Zealand [19751984]. ^ From the Blue Earth (Minn.) Faribault County Register. About 18,000 deer in the state will take part in a postcard survey asking them to report information about wild turkey sightings while hunting. --_New Yorker_ (magazine) [24 December 2007] ^ We get too soon old and too late smart. --Pennsylvania Dutch proverb Erudition, like a bloodhound, is a charming thing when held firmly in leash, but it is not so attractive when turned loose upon a defenseless, unerudite public. --Agnes Repplier (18551950) American author. _Points of View_ [1891] Knowing a great deal is not the same as being smart; intelligence is not information alone but also judgment, the manner in which information is collected and used. --Carl Sagan (19341996) American astronomer and author. _Cosmos_ [1980] Intelligence is quickness in seeing things as they are. --George Santayana (18631952) Spanish-born philosopher and critic. "Against Prying Philosophers" in _Little Essays_ [1920]. - Great minds are like eagles, and build their nests in some lofty solitude. --Arthur Schopenhauer (17881860) German philosopher. _Essays of Arthur Schopenhauer_ [1851], "Counsels and Maxims" Intellect is invisible to the man who has none. --Arthur Schopenhauer (17881860) German philosopher. "Our Relation to Others" sec. 23, in _Essays of Arthur Schopenhauer_, tr. T. Bailey Saunders [1889] - Our purses shall be proud, our garments poor: For 'tis the mind that makes the body rich. --William Shakespeare (15641616) English dramatist. _The Taming of the Shrew_, IV, iii [15931594] If you're dumb, surround yourself with smart people. If you're smart, surround yourself with smart people who disagree with you. --Aaron Sorkin (b. 1961) American screenwriter and producer. Advice given by Isaac Jaffe (Robert Guillaume) on "Sports Night" [TV show]. Intelligence alone, without wisdom and empathy for suffering, is hollow. --John G. Stoessinger (b. 1927) Political analyst, teacher, and author. _Why Nations Go to War_ [1974] To be able to discern that what is true is true, and that what is false is false,this is the mark and character of intelligence. --Emanuel Swedenborg (16881772) Swedish scientist, philosopher, and theologian. Quoted by Ralph Waldo Emerson in _Essays_, First Series [1841] Essay # 9 "The Over-Soul". An intelligent woman is a woman with whom one can be stupid as one wants. --Paul Valιry (18711945) French poet. "Mauvaises Pensιes et Autres" [1941] Brains are never a handicap to a girl if she hides them under a see-through blouse. --attributed to Bobby Vinton (b. 1935) American singer. - Great minds discuss ideas; Average minds discuss events; Small minds discuss people. --anon. Hyman G. Rickover in _The Saturday Evening Post_ of 28 November 1959 credits the saying to an "unknown sage". TOPICAL Not surprisingly, many of the same millions who call Bush dumb consider Bill Clinton the White House's most brilliant occupant. ... Indeed, the zeitgeist was not surprised when the Lovenstein Institute of Scranton, Pennsylvania, led by Dr. Werner R. Lovenstein and Professor Patricia F. Dilliams, released its study ranking the IQs of every president over the last 50 years and found that first among them, with a 182, was Bill Clinton. He was followed, in order, by Jimmy Carter, John F. Kennedy, Richard Nixon, and Franklin Roosevelt (so much for 50 years). As for the dumbest chief executives, they were, in descending order, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, and brace yourself his son, the current president, whose 91 charts in at exactly half of Clinton's. The results were so alarming ohmygod, our president is a complete doofus! they were forwarded via e-mail tens of millions of times, from one concerned citizen to another, and impelled Garry Trudeau to compose a Doonesbury strip around Bush's low "intelligence quota." Just one problem. There is no Lovenstein Institute, no Dr. Lovenstein, no Professor Dilliams. That the Internet ruse spread so quickly, without anyone bothering to immediately verify the results (it was "a fact too good to check," as they say at the New York Times), frankly explains more about our culture than it does about our president. --Joel Engel, "Too Smart To Be So Dumb" in _The Weekly Standard_ [27 May 2003]. - A little boy went up to his father and asked: 'Dad, where did my intelligence come from?' The father replied. 'Well, son, you must have got it from your mother, cause I still have mine.' --- Trivia: The animal with the largest brain in proportion to its size is the ant. ----- acuity [uh-KYOO-uh-tee], noun: Acuteness of perception or vision; sharpness. discursive (adj.) 1. Ranging over numerous topics, esp. in an orderly or coherent way. 2. Proceeding by reason rather than intuition, as an argument or discourse. Synonyms: deductive Similar: rational, logical, inductive, reasonable. effulgent (adj.) [κ-'fκl-jκnt ] Shining brilliantly, resplendent, emitting a brilliant light. perspicacity (noun) Keenness of mental perception or grasp; astuteness. Synonyms: perceptiveness, perceptive, astuteness, wit, discernment, acuity. Similar: acumen, awareness, shrewdness, intelligence, sagacity, discrimination, insight. Related: vision, aptitude, comprehension, intuition, understanding, insight. precocious (adj.) Mentally advanced for age: developed or mature, especially mentally, at an unusually early age, or showing such advanced development. sagacious (adj.) [sκ-'gey-shκs] Having keen mental powers, shrewd, sound in judgment, extremely wise. ![]() . . see: "MOTIVES" see: "PLANS" see: "PURPOSE" - Hell is full of good intentions or desires. --St. Bernard of Clairvaux (10901153) Cistercian monk and mystic; the founder and abbot of the abbey of Clairvaux. Attributed in St. Francis de Sales, Letter 74. & see: Hell is full of good meanings and wishings. --George Herbert (15931633) English religious poet. _Jacula Prudentum_ (Outlandish Proverbs) [1640] & see: Hell is paved with good intentions. --attributed by Samuel Taylor Coleridge to Richard Baxter (16151691). - Suppose a brother or sister is without clothes and daily food. If one of you says to him, 'Go, I wish you well; keep warm and well fed,' but does nothing about his physical needs, what good is it? --Bible "James" 2:1516 A truth that's told with bad intent, Beats all the Lies you can invent. --William Blake (17571827) English poet. "Auguries of Innocence", 1. 53 [1789] Experience teaches us to be most on our guard to protect liberty when the government's purpose is beneficent. Men born to freedom are naturally alert to repel invasion of their liberty by evil-minded rulers. The greatest dangers to liberty lurk in insidious encroachment by men of zeal, well-meaning but without understanding. --Louis Brandeis (18561941) American lawyer and associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court [19161939]. In "Olmstead et al. vs. United States," 277 U.S. 438, 478 [1928]. The intent and not the deed, Is in our power; and, therefore, who dares greatly, Does greatly. --John Brown (17151766) English clergyman and author. _Barbarossa_ V, ii [1735] The evil that is in the world almost always comes of ignorance, and good intentions may do as much harm as malevolence if they lack understanding. --Albert Camus (19131960) French novelist, dramatist, and essayist. _La Peste_ ("The Plague") [1947] There's nothing we read of in torture's inventions Like a well-meaning dunce with the best of intentions. --James Russell Lowell (18191891) American poet, critic, essayist, and diplomat. _A Fable for Critics_ [1848] If I had the time ... I should like to write an essay on the books that have quite failed of achieving their original purposes, and are yet of respectable use and potency for other purposes. For example, [...] turn to "Gulliver's Travels." The thing was planned by its rev. author as a devastating satire, a terrible piece of cynicism; it survives as a story- book for sucklings. --H.L. (Henry Louis) Mencken (18801956) American journalist and literary critic. _Damn! A Book of Calumny_ [1918] Neville Chamberlain's politics of appeasement were, as far as we can judge, inspired by good motives; he was probably less motivated by considerations of personal power than were many other British prime ministers, and he sought to preserve peace and to assure the happiness of all concerned. Yet his policies helped to make the Second World War inevitable, and to bring untold miseries to millions of men. Sir Winston Churchill's motives, on the other hand, were much less universal in scope and much more narrowly directed toward personal and national power, yet the foreign policies that sprang from these inferior motives were certainly superior in moral and political quality to those pursued by his predecessor. Judged by his motives, Robespierre was one of the most virtuous men who ever lived. Yet it was the utopian radicalism of that very virtue that made him kill those less virtuous than himself, brought him to the scaffold, and destroyed the revolution of which he was a leader. --Hans J. Morgenthau (19041980) German-born American pioneer in the field of international relations theory. _Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace_ Fifth Edition, Revised, [New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1978] Actions will be judged according to intentions. --Muhammad (A.D. 570?632) Prophet to whom the religion of Islam was revealed. _The Sayings of Muhammad_, tr. Abdullah Al-Suhrawardy [1941] Everyone worked according to his capacity . ... Nobody shirked or almost nobody ... the behavior of the cat was somewhat peculiar. It was soon noticed that when there was work to be done the cat could never be found. She would vanish for hours on end, and then reappear at meal-times, or in the evening after work was over, as though nothing had happened. But she always made such excellent excuses, and purred so affectionately, that it was impossible not to believe her good intentions. --George Orwell [Eric Blair] (19031950) English novelist. _Animal Farm_, ch. 3 [1945] We all remember how many religious wars were fought for a religion of love and gentleness; how many bodies were burned alive with the genuinely kind and gentle intention of saving souls from the eternal fire of hell. --Karl Popper (19021994) Austrian-born British philosopher of science. "Utopia and Violence" [1948] - ... international humanitarian law evolved and expanded, the ICRC [International Committee of the Red Cross] became the legally recognized guardian of these regulations. And yet, the paradox of the success of the Red Cross movement, the advance of international law, and, after World War II, the worldwide diffusion of the concept of human rights and new authority for it, is that all these developments coincide not with a new era in which Kant's perpetual peace was ushered in, but rather with the hideous course of the twentieth century itself. No century has had better norms and worse realities. In the period from the signing of the first Geneva Convention and the subsequent conferences of 1899 and 1907 in The Hague, to the outbreak of World War I, the rights of individuals in wartime were expanded, "aggressive force" was outlawed, and protections for civilians were expanded. Then came the mass slaughter in the trenches of World War I and the Armenian genocide to make a mockery of all that. In the aftermath of that war, in a Europe shocked by the toll exacted by gas attacks, another Hague conference outlawed the use of poison gas and other forms of chemical and biological warfare. Three years later, the Kellogg-Briand Pact outlawed war itself. Those whom the gods wish to destroy they first allow to set international legal norms. Nine years later, the Japanese army was murdering Chinese civilians by the hundreds of thousands in Nanking. Four years after that, the Germans put in motion the Final Solution. Four years after that, twenty million Russians were dead and Europe was in ruins. --David Rieff, _A Bed For the Night, Humanitarianism In Crisis_ [2002] - In all the ills which befall us, we look more at the intention than the effect. A tile which falls from the house may hurt more, but does not vex us so much as a stone thrown designedly by an ill-natured hand. --Jean Jacques Rousseau (17121778) French philosopher and novelist. _Reveries of a Solitary Walker_ [1782] The hardest task in a girl's life is to prove to a man that his intentions are serious. --Helen Rowland (18751950) American writer. Attributed in _Women's Wit and Wisdom_ (pub. by Running Press) [1991]. Our intentions tend to be much more real to us than our actions, and this can lead to a great deal of misunder- standing with other people, to whom our actions tend to be much more real than our intentions. --E.F. Schumacher (19111977) German-born British economist. _A Guide For The Perplexed_ [1977] All the Woulda-Coulda-Shouldas Layin' in the sun, Talkin' bout the things They woulda-coulda-shoulda done... But those Woulda-Coulda-Shouldas All ran away and hid From one little Did. --Shel Silverstein (19301999) Ameican poet and songwriter. "Woulda-Coulda-Shoulda" in _Falling Up_ [1996]. [T]o be always intending to live a new life, but never to find time to set about it; this is as if a man should put off eating, and drinking, and sleeping, from one day and night to another, 'till he is starved and destroyed. --John Tillotson (16301694) Archbishop of Canterbury [16911694]. Attributed in _The Ladies' Companion; or, Peoples' Annual_ [1845]. Good intentions will always be pleaded for every assumption of authority. It is hardly too strong to say that the Constitution was made to guard the people against the dangers of good intentions. There are men in all ages who mean to govern well, but they mean to govern. They promise to be good masters, but they mean to be masters. --Daniel Webster (17821852) American orator and politician. Speech [15 March 1837] NYC, NY; in _Speeches and Forensic Arguments_ [1843]. - - The souls of men of feeble purpose are the graveyards of good intentions. --unk. end page | IDAHO - IDIOTS | IDLENESS - ILLEGAL ALIENS | ILLNESS - IMMATURITY | IMMIGRATION & IMMORALITY | IMMORTALITY - IMPOSTORS | IMPRESSIONABLE - INDECISION | INDEPENDENCE - INDIANA | INDIFFERENCE - INDIVIDUALITY | INDOCTRINATION - INFORMATION | INGRATITUDE - INNOVATION | INNUENDO - INSPIRATION | INSULTS - INTEGRITY | INTELLECTUALS - INTENTIONS | INTERESTED(ING) - INTUITION | INVENTIONS - ITALY | IRAQ | ISLAM | JAIL - JOGGING | JOHNSON (LYNDON) - JOY | JOURNALISM | JUDGE (TO) - JUSTICE | | H | I - J | K - L | M | N - O | P - Q | | Return Home | The Credits | The Cast | Act 1 | Act 2 | Act 3 | The Reviews | |
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